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Homeland Security Advisory
System (HSAS)
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Essential
Documents
Cybercrime
Terms
4-1-9
/ Advanced Fee Fraud
Identy Theft
Phishing
4-1-9
/ Advanced Fee Fraud - '419'
Letters are distributed by post, fax and email. In
a typical '419'
(advanced fee fraud) letter, the author purports to
be a senior government
or central bank official who has managed to over inflate
a contract,
generating a personal profit. In return for help smuggling
money out of the
country, the recipient is offered a percentage, usually
between 10% and 30%.
At first no money is requested but once a victim has
been drawn in, requests
are made for legal and administrative costs. Victims
have lost hundreds of
thousands of pounds in some cases. (NCIS)
Identity
theft - is a federal crime. It occurs when
one person’s identification (which can include
name, social security number, or any account number)
is used or transferred by another person
for unlawful activities. (DOJ)
Phishing - is
a general term for criminals’ creation
and use of e-mails and websites – designed
to look like e-mails and websites of wellknown
legitimate businesses, financial institutions, and
government agencies – in order to
deceive Internet users into disclosing their bank and
financial account information or other
personal data such as usernames and passwords. The “phishers” then
take that information and
use it for criminal purposes, such as identity theft
and fraud. (DOJ)
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'Today’s
economic competition is global. The conquest of markets
and technologies has replaced former territorial and
colonial conquests. We are living in a state of world
economic war and this is not just a military metaphor...the
companies are training the armies and the unemployed
are the casualties.'
Spoken
at a Paris conference on economic espionage, by Bernard
Esambert, President of the French Pasteur Institute
| Essential
Documents |
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4-1-9
/ Advance Fee Fraud
United States Secret Service: Advance Fee Fraud Advisory - Public Awareness
Advisory regarding "4-1-9" or"Advance Fee Fraud" Schemes
UNIRAS
Briefing - 212/01 - Advanced Fee Fraud - UNIRAS
is receiving increasing numbers of reports concerning
'advanced fee fraud'. The following advice has been
drafted with the assistance of the National Criminal
Intelligence Service(NCIS).
Economic Espionage
Economic
Espionage - a threat to corporate America, Infocon
Magazine Issue One, October 2003
Economic
Espionage Interview with David Cid, Infocon
Magazine Issue One, October 2003
 US
Economic Espionage Act of 1996 in pdf format
E-Crime
The Cost of Cyber Crime, UK Cabinet Office February 2011
Insider
Threat Study: Illicit Cyber Activity in the Banking
and Finance Sector, this report presents research
conducted by the U. S. Secret Service and CERT/CC.
Drawing on case records, investigative
reports, and interviews, it analyzes technical and behavioral
indicators for the early detection of illicit cyber activity
by organizational insiders, August 2004. CERT® Coordination
Center (CERT® is a registered service mark of Carnegie
Mellon University)
Electronic
Crime Scene Investigation: A Guide for First Responders
[ 870K] by the National Institute of Justice (July
2001) Computers and other electronic devices are being
used increasingly to commit, enable, or support crimes
against persons, organizations, or property. This
NIJ Guide (NCJ 187736) is intended for use by law
enforcement and other responders who have the responsibility
for protecting an electronic crime scene and for the
recognition, collection, and preservation of electronic
evidence. The document is not all-inclusive. Rather,
it deals with the most common situations encountered
with electronic evidence.
Oversight
Hearing on "Fighting Cyber Crime - Hearing 1
to 3: Efforts by State and Local Officials" --
May / June , 2001
Creating
a Safer Information Society by Improving the Security
of Information Infrastructures and Combating Computer-related
Crime The European Commission is participating
in a number of initiatives aiming at making communications
networks like the Internet safer from criminal activity.
It adopted on 26.1.2001 the above Communication to
the Council and the European Parliament (COM(2000)890)
State
and Local Law Enforcement Needs to Combat Electronic
Crime NCJ 183451 publication from the US National
Institute of Justice. It identifies issues and obstacles
that interfere with the effective investigation of
cybercrime. (August 2000)
Employees'
Guide to Security Responsibility This
security guide is based on an organizational framework
and core content developed at the Security Research
Center of the Defense Security Service. The core content
is Unclassified and has been approved for public release
by the Department of Defense.
Identity
Theft
Identity
Theft: Assessing the Problem and Efforts to Combat
It,
Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee
on Energy and Commerce, December 15, 2003
Information
Compromise and the Risk of Identity Theft:
Guidance for Your Business,
FTC, December 2003
ID
Theft: When Bad Things Happen To Your Good Name,
Federal Trade Commission Facts for Consumers, November
2003
ID
Theft: What's It All About?, FTC, October
2003
Hearing
entitled “Fighting Identity Theft — The
Role of FCRA”, Subcommittee
on Financial Institutions and Consumer
Credit, Tuesday,
June 24, 2003
"Identity Theft" booklet, Federal Reserve
Board, Release Date: January 16, 2003
GAO
Identity Theft - Greater Awareness and Use of
Existing Data Are Needed, GAO-02-766, June
2002
GAO
Identity Theft: Prevalence and Cost Appear to
Be Growing [950K ] GAO-02-363, March 1, 2002.
"Privacy,
Identity Theft, and the Protection
of Your Personal Information in the
21st Century? " Senate
Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Technology,
Terrorism and Government Information, February
14, 2002
Phishing (ID
Theft)
Special
Report on “Phishing”, US Department
of Justice, March 2004
How
Not to Get Hooked by a 'Phishing' Scam, FTC
Consumer Alert, July
2003
Identity
Thief Goes “Phishing” for Consumers’ Credit
Information, FTC,
July 2003
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General
FBI
Says Web "Spoofing" Scams are a Growing
Problem,
July 2003
NCIX
counterintelligence awareness booklet Be Alert!,
 July 2003
Factsheet
Operation E-Con: cracking down on Internet crime,
DOJ,
16 May, 2003
Joint Hearing entitled “Fighting Fraud: Improving
Information Security”, Subcommittees on
Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit And Oversight
and Investigations, 03 April 2003.
NCIX: Spotlight on Two Chinese Tech Transfer Groups
in Japan, March 18, 2003
Global Issues: Arresting Transnational Crime,
An Electronic Journal of the U.S. Department of State
- August 2001 Volume 6, Number 2
Organized Crime and Cybercrime: Synergies, Trends,
and Responses by Phil Williams (Distributed by
the Office of International Information Programs,
U.S. Department of State 13 August 2001)
Attorney General
Remarks, Cybercrime Announcement (July 20, 2001)
on the formation of ten highly specialized prosecutorial
units dedicated to fighting crime in cyberspace.
These
new teams of prosecutors, which will be known as
Computer Hacking and Intellectual Property units – or
CHIP units – will prosecute a wide range of
computer crimes.' CHIP
Fact sheet
Read
CHIP announcement
Read
CHIP factsheet
FBI-Backed Survey
Shows Increasing Computer Crime 13/03/2001
The
Impact of International Organized Crime on U.S. National
Security Strategy by Steven R. Pelley, Strategy
Research Project, March 2001
Department
of Energy: National Security Controls Over Contractors
Traveling to Foreign Countries Need Strengthening,
United States General Accounting Office Report to
Congressional Requesters, June 2000
 Occasional
Paper #32 - Cyberterrorism and Computer Crimes: Issues
Surrounding the Establishment of an International
Legal Regime by Richard W. Aldrich,USAF Institute
for National Security Studies USAF Academy, Colorado,
April 2000
Cybercrime, Transnational Crime and Intellectual Property
Theft Hearing before the Joint Economic Committee,
March 24, 1998
Economic
Espionage, Technology Transfers and National Security Hearing
before the Joint Economic Committee, June 17, 1997
Economic
Espionage Information on Threat From U.S. Allies
Statement for the Record by David E. Cooper, Associate
Director, Defense Acquisitions Issues, National Security
and International Affairs Division, Testimony Before
the Select Committee on Intelligence United States
Senate February 28, 1996
Annual Congress Reports
Annual
Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 2003 [1.4 MB]
Annual
Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 2002
Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 2001
Annual
Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 2000
Foreign
Industrial and Economic Espionage Remains a Threat
in 1999
Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 1998
Annual
Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 1997
Annual
Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 1996
Annual
Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection
and Industrial Espionage 1995
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Government
Australia
Australian High
Tech Crime Centre (AHTCC), The concept
of a national centre to coordinate the efforts of Australian
law enforcement in combating serious crime involving
complex technology was a priority identified by the Australian
Police Commissioners Conference in its Electronic Crime
Strategy, March 2001 and endorsed by the Australasian
Police
Ministers Council in November 2002. Various options were
subsequently considered for delivering this capability.
The final preference of the Australian
Police Commissioners was the creation of a single centre,
the Australian High Tech Crime Centre (AHTCC), to be
hosted by the Australian Federal Police (AFP) in Canberra
and
include representation from all Australian State and
Territory police forces both in its staff and Board of
Management.
United
Kingdom
Government
Communications Headquarters The
web site of the 'British NSA'
National
Criminal Intelligence Service (UK) '(NCIS)
is the UK law enforcement agency which gathers
and analyses intelligence on serious and organised
crime. It looks at these groups and the individuals
masterminding them, as they affect the UK and
its interests. NCIS is at the forefront of the
fight against serious and organised crime in
the UK and throughout the world.'
National Hi-Tech Crime Unit
United
States
National
Counterintelligence Center (NACIC) coordinates
the US Government's effort to identify
and counter foreign intelligence threats
to US national and economic security.
National Security
Agency 'The National Security Agency is the Nation's
cryptologic organization. It coordinates, directs, and performs
highly specialized activities to protect U.S. information
systems and produce foreign intelligence information. A high
technology organization, NSA is on the frontiers of communications
and data processing. It is also one of the most important
centers of foreign language analysis and research within
the Government.'
Others
The
Institute for Communications Arbitration and
Forensics 'ICAF is a professional body set
up by the Communications Management Association
(CMA) in response to demand from senior ICT professionals
in business, industry and the public services.
It is leading the way in the fight
against cyber-crime.'
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